Diplomacy is widely acknowledged as the central and fundamental mechanism governing interactions between nations. The initiation of relationships among countries is essentially marked by the establishment of diplomatic ties. A newly formed state attains full and active membership in the international community only upon receiving recognition from existing states.

State responsibility is a fundamental principle of transnational law, arising out of the nature of the transnational legal system and the doctrines of state sovereignty and equivalency of countries. It provides that whenever one state commits an internationally unlawful act against another state, transnational responsibility is established between the two.
